São Jorge – In the North of Madeira

São Jorge, located on Madeira’s northern coast, is one of the island’s oldest parishes and belongs to the municipality of Santana. Founded in 1515, São Jorge celebrated its 507th anniversary in 2022.

In addition to hosting one of Europe’s oldest water-powered sawmills in the higher-lying area of Achadinha, São Jorge is also home to the well-known coastal area of Calhau.

Here, you will find the historic and internationally recognized Ruínas de São Jorge.

The Ruins and Beach in São Jorge

The most striking architectural feature of the Ruínas is the arched gateway. This served as the entrance to a sugar mill built here during the early settlement of the island. In some historical records, the gateway is also described as the entrance to the former fortress (Redoute) of São Jorge.
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Today, the ruins are a stunning photo spot, particularly due to their dramatic location overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.

The Caminho Real 23, a historic trail connecting northern coastal towns, also passes through this site (marked on the Calhau Bridge), making it a significant point for hiking enthusiasts.

The Water-Powered Mill and Sawmill in Achadinha

Further inland, São Jorge boasts two technical marvels that remain operational, offering a glimpse into the enduring craftsmanship of its residents.
Both landmarks can be visited after hiking along the Levada do Rei trail.
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The Water-Powered Mill

Built in the 18th century using local basalt stone, the mill in Achadinha served as a central hub for nearby villages to process grain. Powered by water from the levadas, it ground wheat, corn, and barley into flour for the region’s staple foods.
Today, the mill occasionally operates for demonstrations, offering visitors a fascinating look into Madeira’s agricultural history.

The Water-Powered Sawmill

Just a short walk from the mill is the water-powered sawmill, one of the oldest of its kind in Europe. Driven by powerful water wheels, the saws cut precise planks for constructing houses, boats, and furniture. The sawmill’s combination of functionality and sustainability made it a vital part of the local economy. Today, it stands as an impressive testament to the engineering ingenuity of the past.

A Bridge Between Past and Present

The water-powered installations in Achadinha exemplify how Madeirans ingeniously adapted their environment to the challenges of island life. They represent an era when sustainability wasn’t a trend but a necessity.

For visitors, the mill and sawmill are not only fascinating landmarks but also an invitation to delve into Madeira’s rich history.